Those Who Fight For Their Country And Risk Their Lives

Those who fight for their country and risk their lives may never come back home to those that love and hold them dear. Nevertheless, those who are 18, enlisted in the military or not, cannot relax and celebrate life with one alcoholic beverage. During the Roaring Twenties, before the National Minimum Legal Drinking Age Act of 1984, Prohibition set in and ratified the 18th Amendment. This closed many taverns, bars, and saloons in the United States; which drove alcohol underground, this started the underground alcohol trade. Eventually, the Prohibition was repealed and drinking was legal again for those of age and stipulations. The Minimum Legal Drinking Age (MLDA) is a term widely used to describe the age at which the legal consumption for†¦show more content†¦By definition of an adult, 18-year-olds should be able to make their own decisions, including drinking alcoholic beverages. Looking at the dictionary definition of the word adult; an adult is â€Å"a person who has att ained the age of maturity as specified by law† (â€Å"Adult†). Paglia states in her article, â€Å"It’s Time to Let Teenagers Drink Again,† â€Å"it is absurd and unjust that young Americans can vote, marry, enter contracts and serve in the military at 18 but cannot buy an alcoholic drink in a bar or restaurant.† There are exceptions like â€Å"possession and/or consumption when a parent/guardian or spouse consents and/or is present;† yet, if the definition of an adult does not need adult supervision because they are legally mature by law then why do they need a parent/guardian present (Toomey et al. 1958). They do not need a parent/guardian to be there if they sign up for the military, sign a contract, get a loan, or even marry. Second, a person at age 18 is legally labeled as an adult by the courts; the definition is â€Å"the age of majority is the legally defined age at which a person is considered an adult, with all the attendant rights and responsibilities of adulthood. The age of majority is defined by state laws, which vary by state, but is 18 in most states† (Legal). This allows an 18-year-old to be tried as an adult in court. Also, this allows them to be classified as an adultShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Women During The Civil War1509 Words   |  7 Pagesan extreme service for those in combat. These jobs were not always easy, as some would have people to believe. As Brooks says, â€Å"Women played many roles in the Civil War. They did not sit idly by waiting for the men in their lives to come home from the battlefield.†(Brooks). Women were much more than those who would sit sulking waiting for the war to be over, as they are often seen. They would go out, attempting what seemed to be the impossible, and saving the lives of those wounded in battle. WhenRead MoreThe Characteristics Of A Hero In The Epic Of Beowulf746 Words   |  3 Pages However, while a true hero needs some of these traits the y don’t define that person as a hero. What defines someone as a hero is daring to go and do what ordinary men wouldn’t in order to save innocent lives, knowing full well they are putting their lives and their families livelihood at risk; they do all of this and don’t actively seek recognition, that is what a true hero is. In the epic poem of Beowulf the main character whose name is shared with the title of the poem is an example of a closeRead MoreCritical Analysis The Death Of The Ball Turret Gunner1047 Words   |  5 PagesJarrell’s, Gunner   Ã‚  Ã‚   Douglas MacArthur, an American general during World War II, described those who fight in war as, â€Å"The soldier, above all others, prays for peace; for it is the soldier who must suffer and bear the deepest wounds and scars of war.† Throughout history, war has been a part of every nation. From medieval times to present day, there have been a countless number of wars fought and even more human lives lost. Many short stories and poems have been written about the hard times of war, butRead MoreThe Holy Land At Stake1166 Words   |  5 Pagesrights on the land but both prove they cannot co-exist together and create a peace plan (Secretary-General Report, 07/ December/2015). Therefore the only reliable solution is to make Jerusalem an international city under the jurisdiction of no one country. Both have historic features in Jerusalem where they feel closer to God. Thus another reason why Jerusalem should be an international city, so that all can go to their featur es and be with God, without any restrictions. Jerusalem is consideredRead MoreRough Draft on Drug Wars846 Words   |  4 PagesRough Draft Thousands upon thousands of lives have been taken due to the huge demand for drugs crossing from Mexico into the United States. The murder rate is extremely high, and has caused so much chaos between both countries because of this. Drug dealers in the United States contact drug dealers in Mexico, and vice versa, to cross the drugs between borders illegally. A high percentage of the time, either of the drug dealers from both sides will have a scape goat swim the border while carryingRead MoreAIDS Prevention in Africa Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the last three decades, the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus have taken the lives of many women and men in Africa, as well as infecting their unborn children. Is there enough being done to eradicate this disease in Africa, and will the cost of these treatments limit those who do not have the available income to afford these drugs? Scientist and researchers have worked over the years to find a cure or vaccine for Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeRead MoreHeros, A Hero, And Abraham Lincoln And Frederick Douglass751 Words   |  4 Pagesyourself. A hero will always do the right thing no matter the circumstances, even if they have to risk their own life to do so. Firefighters are ordinary, standard people who put themselves in dangerous situations to save faultless people. For instance, firefighters are rescuers, who are trained to extinguish uncontrolled fires. This means that they are willing to jeopardize their own safety to save the lives of others. Additionally, these heroes will always have equity and aim for success even thoughRead MoreAnti-War Pacifism1399 Words   |  6 Pagesand/or violence. Perhaps the most famous use of the word pacifism is found in the â€Å"Sermon on the Mount†, where Jesus claims the â€Å"peacemakers† are blessed. In this passage, the Greek word eirenopoios is translated into Latin as pacifici, which means those who work for peace. One common and simple argument for pacifism among religious groups or god fearing people is the argument that god’s revealed words says, through the bible, â€Å"Thou shalt not kill.† Universal pacifists are morally opposed to all violenceRead MoreTuberculosis : The Most Dangerous Diseases That Can Kill People By Destroying Their Lung Tissues1169 Words   |  5 Pagespeople through many ways such as sneezing, coughing and live conversation. It seems that it is a disease that has been associated with poor countries especially those in Asia and Africa. The living conditions in these countries especially in the urban dwellings for the poor are the main contributing factors for the spread of this disease. Being an air borne disease, TB spreads more in houses that are poorly ventilated and where many people live in the same house. In such conditions, the bacteria thatRead MoreVaccines Are Not Safe And Donate Children Vaccinated927 Words   |  4 Pagesvaccinated. Vaccines are important for preventing deadly diseases. If a child is not vaccinated against preventable diseases, not only is the child at risk but also the entire community is at risk. This would include newborns in the community who are too young to have been vaccinated, people who cannot receive vaccines due to medical reasons, and people who may not have responded to a vaccine. With more people opting not to vaccinate their children, there has been a rise in the outbreak of preventable

The Greatest Sniper Is Chris Kyle - 1310 Words

The world’s greatest sniper is Chris Kyle. Born in Texas, Chris was the best man anyone could ask for. Chris was a bull rider for the longest time. Later he joined the Navy Seals. He was the best sniper they had ever had with over 150 confirmed kills. Chris Kyle was and will always be the best sniper ever. Christopher Scott Kyle was raised in Texas and was a United States Navy SEAL from 1999 to 2009. He is at present known as the best marksman in American military history. As demonstrated by his book American Sniper, he had 160 avowed butchers (which was from 255 ensured homicides). An ensured butcher insinuates a shot where the round hits the target, however can t assert the homicide. Chris Kyle served as a Navy SEAL in 4 visits in the latest Iraq war. For his coarseness and military capacities, he was respected a rate of the most paramount recompenses in the US military diverse times including the Bronze and Silver Star. Whilst in Iraq, the fanatics called him the Devil of Ramadi and offered a wealth for his head. In a captivating turn, they demonstrated pictures of him around the area the plenitude anyway it was a photograph of another marksman! He was shot twice, and was incorporated in six IED ambushes . Chris anticipated that would settle on a decision on family life or the military. He had a little tyke that he didn t know outstandingly well as he was abroad dependably. This moreover put weight on his marriage, so he decided to leave the SEALS and was nicelyShow MoreRelatedThe Greatest Sniper Is Chris Kyle1312 Words   |  6 PagesChris Kyle The world’s greatest sniper is Chris Kyle. Born in Texas, Chris was the best man anyone could ask for. Chris was a bull rider for the longest time. Later he joined the Navy Seals. He was the best sniper they had ever had with over 150 confirmed kills. Chris Kyle was and will always be the best sniper ever. Christopher Scott Kyle was raised in Texas and was a United States Navy SEAL from 1999 to 2009. He is at present known as the best marksman in American military history. As demonstratedRead MoreAmerican Sniper By Chris Kyle1435 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Sniper was based off of a true story of Chris Kyle. Chris Kyle Joined the Navy Seals leaving his wife and kids to protect his country. Throughout the movie it shows how being faithful and perseverance plays a big role in the world we are living in. Based on the complexity and actions of the characters, imagery, symbolism and the angles the camera took, the movie, â€Å" American Sniper† illuminates and emcopasses a theme of Love and Perseverance. First of all, the movie â€Å"American Sniper† is aRead MoreChris Kyle : The Characteristics Of An Epic Hero871 Words   |  4 Pageswith his military career. That man is Chris Kyle who embodies almost all of the characteristics of an epic hero. He embodies the characteristics of an epic hero because he shows that he is an outstanding warrior, had to leave home and travel a vast setting to fight in Kuwait/Iraq, and he was recognized as a national hero at home with a most impressive decoration of medals. Chis Kyle was an outstanding warrior during his service time in Kuwait and Iraq. Chris Kyle always had the fight in him to do whateverRead MoreAmerican Sniper Essay1331 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Al-Shaitan† â€Å"The American Sniper† by Chris Kyle is an account of the deadliest American sniper ever, called â€Å"the devil† by the enemies he hunted and â€Å"the legend† by his Navy SEAL brothers. From 1999 to 2009, U.S. Navy SEAL Chris Kyle recorded the most career sniper kills in United States military history. The Pentagon has officially confirmed more than 150 of Kyles kills (the previous American record was 109). Iraqi insurgents feared Kyle so much they named him al-Shaitan (â€Å"the devil†) and placedRead MoreThe American Sniper By Chris Kyle1307 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Al-Shaitan† â€Å"The American Sniper† by Chris Kyle is an account of the deadliest American sniper ever. He was called â€Å"the devil† by the enemies he hunted and â€Å"the legend† by his Navy SEAL brothers. From 1999 to 2009, U.S. Navy SEAL Chris Kyle recorded the most career sniper kills in United States military history. The Pentagon has officially confirmed more than 150 of Kyle s kills (the previous American record was 109). Iraqi insurgents feared Kyle so much they named him Al-Shaitan meaningRead MoreThe Humanistic Theory Of Psychology1114 Words   |  5 Pagesfree will, a term coined personal agency. The second assumption is that humans, as a whole, are inherently good and want to better their world as well as themselves. (McLeod, Humanism) Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs can tell us a lot about why Chris Kyle’s personality developed the way it did. Maslow, a popular humanistic psychologist, developed his hierarchy of needs based on the assumptions above. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs was also developed as a result of his urge to know exactly what motivatedRead MoreThe Movie The Legend 1048 Words   |  5 PagesThis movie is about Chris Kyle, who is a dedicated Navy SEAL sniper. He is referred to as â€Å"The Legend† because he is one of the greatest, deadliest snipers and has killed dozens of people. American Sniper really shows the effect war has on a person and how Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder changed his life. Throughout his four tours in war, Chris was exposed to actual and threatened death. Which is one of the requirements to have PTSD. A lot of those situations where he experienced the actual or threatenedRead MoreChris Kyle And William James2022 Words   |  9 PagesChris Kyle and William James are both dedicated warriors that had spent hundreds of hours training for a war in a foreign country overseas. Both individuals enjoyed their work during training and craved to fight for their country, however they became addicted to the dangerous and exhilarating thrills of battle. Kyle had written about his journey from high school to becoming a Navy Seal in American Sniper using oxymorons, symbolism and emotional language from the perspective of himself, as well as

Increase Budget Target Consumers

Question: Discuss about theIncrease Budget for Target Consumers. Answer: Introduction An increase IT budget will entail organising good schedule which will facilitate the increase in more marketing, aspect of sales or other considerable events that lead to increase on the number of target consumers. The spending habits matter in the current budget of IT and this gives ANYCOMPANY a competitive advantage by doing the thing that these rivals cannot perform. The cost of processing power is incorporated in the budget having the idea that electricity is more expensive in paying the bills. The power lines are used to transmit electricity from one point to another and the cables that are used are also an expense. The mode of marketing is detrimental to the budget due to the cost of brochures that have to be used and the advertising platform. Peterson said that the application of automated speed pass payment systems will be used to remunerate the employees in the budget (Samuel, 2014, p.567). Records of the company and thus ensure a good package tracking system of the telecommunication networks. The capacity of the internet is discussed in the budget as to the increase in redundant storage devices. Commodity supplies of automobile implements are considered essential in the overall budget. IT vendors are utilising the power utilities in order to reduce the cost associated with running the system. Thomas said the old PCs that were used in the year 2003 will be replaced by more new computer systems with the capability of sending huge data (Richard, 2012, p.234). ANYCOMPANY will buy a main server at a faster speed without any delay. Budget allocation of media popularity will lead to increase in the competitive advantage over other companies by digital adverts and application of online marketing tools. Works cited Thomas, P. (2014). The old PCs that were used in the year 2003 will be replaced by more new computer systems with the capability of sending huge data. Australia. Herman press. Peterson, A. (2012). The application of automated speed pass payment systems will be used to remunerate the employees in the budget.

Racism In America Essays - Racism, Discrimination, Hatred

Racism In America If someone asked you what it would be like to live in a perfect world, how would you reply? Many people might say something like, "A place without and arguments or fighting." Others might say "A place where there is not pollution." But, has anyone one ever thought to say, "A place without racism."? For some Americans, racism has never even crossed their minds. For others, it is something they have to live with everyday. In some societies in America, racism isn't even a factor, all citizens of the community get along. But, in other societies, racism is a case that could be life threatening. Racism, in definition, is "the belief that humanity is divided into stratified genetically different socks called races; according to it's adherent's racial differences make one group superior to another." (Ethics; Walker, Randolph Meade, 722) If you are a racist, you believe in racism. Racists will often claim that members of their own race or minority are "mentally, physically, morally and/or culturally superior to those of other races." (The World Book Encyclopedia; Pettigrew, Thomas F., 62) For these reasons, many racists think they deserve special rights or privileges. The Bill of Rights was written a little under 200 years ago, yet controlling racism in America is still a task no one can seem to over take. In South Carolina, a Confederate flag still waves high over the capitol for everyone to see. Is the kind of example we want to set for the youth of America? To people in Europe, Asia, and on other continents, America is a wonderful place to live. It has been said to be "one of the greatest nations on earth." (Nova; Marshall, Christopher) Yet, our struggle to regulate all of our citizens is a revolutionary war that has yet to and probably will never be won. Slavery is said to be one of the greatest racial tragedies to ever happen in America. Upon the entrance of this new millenium, slavery and racism is still practiced in America. White Americans have their forefathers to blame for the hatred and anger they have in their hearts concerning races different from theirs. What is said to be "the God-given right to equality and ultimate freedom" (Nova; Marshall, Christopher) has been crushed for many, by the uncited ignorance of my ?finely' educated people. Racists often need someone to blame for the wrong-doings, hatred and stupidity in America. Who better to blame than someone with skin of a different color? Racism is just another form of prejudice. If a person or group of people acts or dresses differently, these people may get distrusted or disowned. Many people do not recognize the good qualities that another group possess. White Americans are the main directors of racism against ethnic minority groups. "Most white Americans are unaware of how self destructive racism can be." (Nova; Marshall, Christopher) Does America need an AWAKENING? Would it do any good? If you were to put yourself in the shoes of an African American, an American Indian, a Puerto Rican...you might say that American is in definite a major make-over concerning all races. Two white students were suspended for assaulting African American students at Millard High School in Omaha, Neb. And a third white student was threatened by other whites for associating with the school's 25 blacks. (CQ Researcher; Phillips, Susan, 3) Are you ready for that make-over? Many white students, for example, believe that blacks now have equal access to a college education... (CQ Researcher; Phillips, Susan, 4) Or do you think everyone is over reacting on this whole issue? A real issue some people have, concerns the police and reporters. Reporters often use the terms "alleged killing" and "alleged racism" in their columns. "Since when has a beheading been known as anything else other than murder...you don't accidentally behead someone..." (Media Watch; Boyce, Kesha) With the police"investigating whether this is a hate crime or not" has made many non-racists and African Americans quite angry. "Since when has two white men dousing a black man with gasoline and setting him on fire not been a hate crime..." (Media Watch; Boyce, Kesha) I just want you to know, as you are finishing reading this report-I did not write it to change your mind or make you biased in one way or another toward racism. I just wanted open your eyes to some of the disturbing things going on in your great nation, and possibly right in your own back yard, at your child's school, even in your workplace. Shootings happen

Herodotus, the Greek Historian

Herodotus, the Greek Historian Herodotus is known as  the father of history. We may think all the famous ancient Greeks came from Athens, but its not true. Like many important ancient Greeks, Herodotus was not only not born in Athens but wasnt even born in what we think of as Europe. He was born in the essentially Dorian (Hellenic or Greek, yes; but not Ionian) colony of Halicarnassus, on the southwest coast of Asia Minor, which at the time was part of the Persian Empire. Herodotus had not yet been born when Athens defeated Persia in the renowned Battle of Marathon (490 B.C.) and was only a young child when the Persians defeated the Spartans and allies at the Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.).​ Herodotus Homeland Lyxes, the father of Herodotus, was probably from Caria, in Asia Minor. So was Artemisia, the female despot of Halicarnassus who joined Xerxes in his expedition against Greece in the Persian Wars. Following victories over the Persians by the mainland Greeks, Halicarnassus rebelled against foreign rulers. In consequence of his part in rebellious actions, Herodotus was sent into exile to the Ionian island of Samos (homeland of Pythagoras), but then returned to Halicarnassus around 454 to take part in the overthrow of Artemisias son, Lygdamis. Herodotus of Thurii Herodotus calls himself Herodotus of Thurii rather than Halicarnassus because he was a citizen of the pan-Hellenic city of Thurii, which was founded in 444/3. One of his fellow colonists was the philosopher, Pythagoras of Samos, probably. Herodotus Travels the Known World Between the time of the overthrow of Artemisias son Lygdamis and Herodotus settling in Thurii, Herodotus traveled around most of the known world.  Herodotus traveled to learn about foreign countries. He traveled to have a look, the Greek word for looking is related to our English word theory. He also lived in Athens, spending time in the company of his friend, the renowned writer of great Greek tragedy Sophocles. The Athenians so appreciated Herodotus writing that in 445 B.C. he awarded him 10 talents- an enormous sum. The Father of History Despite major shortcomings in the area of accuracy, Herodotus is called the father of history even by his contemporaries. Sometimes, however, more accuracy-minded people describe him as the father of lies. In China, another man earned the father of history title, but he was centuries later: Sima Qian. Herodotus Histories Herodotus Histories, celebrating the Greek victory over the Persians, were written in the mid-fifth century B.C. Herodotus wanted to present as much information about the Persian War as he could. What sometimes reads like a travelogue, includes information on the entire Persian Empire, and simultaneously explains the origins (aitia) of the conflict, by reference to mythological prehistory. Even with the fascinating digressions and fantastic elements, Herodotus history was an advance over the previous writers of quasi-history, who are known as logographers.Sources East Is East And West Is West - Or Are They? National Stereotypes In HerodotusAncient History Sourcebook: 11th Brittanica: HerodotusCicero  De legibus 1.5: Herodotum patrem historiae

Obamacare Penalty and Minimum Insurance Requirements

Obamacare Penalty and Minimum Insurance Requirements The federal tax penalty for not being enrolled in an Affordable Care Act (ACA)-qualified health insurance plan was eliminated by the Donald Trump administration in 2019. However, persons who received a penalty for not having health insurance in 2018 will still have to pay the penalty on their 2019 tax returns. According to U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the 2018 tax penalty for not having health insurance is $695 for adults and $347.50 for children or 2% of your yearly income, whichever amount is more. While there will no longer be a federal tax penalty for going uninsured or choosing a plan that is not ACA-compliant after the 2019 tax filing season, several states, including New Jersey, Massachusetts, Vermont, and the District of Columbia, have their own health insurance penalties that are assessed when people do not have insurance that complies with that state’s laws. The Now Phased-out Obamacare Tax Penalty By March 31, 2014, almost all Americans who could afford it were required by Obamacare - the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to have a health insurance plan or pay an annual tax penalty. Here is what you need to know about the Obamacare tax penalty and what kind of insurance coverage you need to avoid paying it. Obamacare is complicated. A wrong decision can cost you money. As a result, it is critical that all questions regarding Obamacare be directed to your health care provider, your health insurance plan or to your states Obamacare Health Insurance Marketplace.Questions can also be submitted by calling Healthcare.gov at toll-free 1-800-318-2596 (TTY: 1-855-889-4325), 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.During the great Obamacare bill debate, Obamacare supporter Senator Nancy Pelosi (D-California) infamously said lawmakers needed to pass the bill so we can find out whats in it. She was right. Nearly five years after it became law, Obamacare continues to confuse Americans in great numbers. [ Yes, Obamacare Does Apply to Members of Congress ]Â   So complicated is the law, that each of the state Health Insurance Marketplaces will employ Obamacare Navigators to help uninsured people meet their Obamacare obligation by enrolling in the qualified health insurance plan that best meets their medical needs at an affordable cost. Minimum Insurance Coverage Required Whether you have health insurance now or buy it through one of the Obamacare state Insurance Marketplaces, your insurance plan must cover 10 minimum essential health care services. These are: outpatient services; emergency services; hospitalization; maternity/newborn care; mental health and substance abuse services; prescription drugs; rehabilitation (for injuries, disabilities or chronic conditions); lab services; preventive/wellness programs and chronic disease management; and pediatric services.If you have or buy a health plan that does not pay for those minimum essential services it may not qualify as coverage under Obamacare and you may have to pay the penalty.In general, the following types of health care plans will qualify as coverage: Any plan purchased through one of the state Insurance Marketplace and employer-provided insurance plans, including plans for retirees;Medicare and Medicaid;Childrens Health Insurance Program (CHIP);Military TRICARE;Veterans health care programs; andPeace Corps volunteer plans Other plans may also qualify and all questions regarding minimum coverage and plan qualification should be directed to your states insurance Marketplace Exchange. The Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum Plans Health insurance plans available through all Obamacare state Insurance Marketplace offer four levels of coverage: bronze, silver, gold and platinum. While bronze and silver level plans will have the lowest monthly premium payments, out-of-pocked co-pay costs for things like doctor visits and prescriptions will be higher. Bronze and silver level plans will pay for about 60% to 70% of your medical costs.Gold and platinum plans will have higher monthly premiums, but lower co-pay costs, and will pay for about 80% to 90% of your medical costs.Under Obamacare, you cannot be turned down for health insurance or forced to pay more for it because you have an existing medical condition. In addition, once you have insurance, the plan cannot refuse to cover treatment for your pre-existing conditions. Coverage for pre-existing conditions begins immediately.Once again, it is the job of the Obamacare Navigators to help you select a plan offering the best coverage at a price you can afford.Very Important - Open Enrollment: Each year, there will be an annual open enrollment period after which you will not be able to purchase insurance through the state Insurance Marketplaces until the next annual open enrollment period, unless you have a qualifying life event. For 2014, the open enrollment period is October 1, 2013 to March 31, 2014. For 2015 and later years, the open enrollment period will be October 15 to December 7 of the previous year. Who Does Not Have to Have Insurance? Some people are exempt from the requirement to have health insurance. These are: prison inmates, undocumented immigrants, members of federally-recognized American Indian tribes, persons with religious objections, and low-income persons not required to file federal income tax returns.Religious exemptions include members of health care sharing ministries and members of federally-recognized religious sect with religion-based objections to health insurance. The Penalty: Resistance is Futile and Expensive Attention health insurance procrastinators and resistors: As time goes by, the Obamacare penalty goes up.In 2014, the penalty for not having a qualified health insurance plan is 1% of your annual income or $95 per adult, whichever is higher. Have kids? The penalty for uninsured children in 2014 is $47.50 per child, with a maximum per-family penalty of $285.In 2015, the penalty increases to the higher of 2% of your annual income or $325 per adult.By 2016, the penalty goes up to 2.5% of income or $695 per adult, with a maximum penalty of $2,085 per family.After 2016, the amount of the penalty will be adjusted for inflation.The amount of the annual penalty is based on the number if days or months you go without health insurance after March 31. If you have insurance for part of the year, the penalty will be prorated and if you are covered for at least 9 months during the year, you will not pay a penalty.Along with paying the Obamacare penalty, uninsured persons will continue to be financ ially responsible for 100% of their health care costs. The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office has estimated that even in 2016, more than 6 million people will pay the government a combined $7 billion in Obamacare fines. Of course, revenue from these fines is essential to paying for many of the free health care services provided for under Obamacare. If You Need Financial Help To help make mandatory health insurance more affordable to people who cant afford it in the first place, the federal government is providing two subsides for qualifying low-income individuals and families. The two subsides are: tax credits, to help pay monthly premiums and cost-sharing to help out-of-pocket expenses. Individuals and families can qualify of either or both subsidies. Some people with very low incomes may wind up paying very small premiums or even no premiums at all.Qualifications for insurance subsidies are based on annual income and vary from state to state. The only way to apply for a subsidy is through one of the state insurance Marketplaces. When you apply for insurance, the Marketplace will help you calculate your modified adjusted gross income and determine of you qualify for a subsidy. The Exchange will also determine if you qualify for Medicare, Medicaid or a state-based health assistance plan.

Untitled (Society Portrait) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Untitled (Society Portrait) - Essay Example On the first gaze at the portrait, it seems that the lady definitely belongs to the aristocratic segment of the society. Lying half–seated on a couch, the lady seems a bit pensive in mood. The color of her skin, hair and eyes indicate that she is European by race. Interestingly, only very few colors are used in the portrait. Yellow, white, grey and shades of brown both deep and light are schematically used in the picture. At the same time, one can argue as that these coolers are building a theme for the portrait of the anonymous lady as well. Very interestingly, the background colors are very much different and the painter uses light and dark shades of blue along with tinge and shades of brown over it which is quite well synchronized and chosen deliberately as the color scheme of the portrait is on the lighter and drab side. Use of light is done meticulously throughout the portrait and the lines are so fine that nobody will ever find in determining the mood and gesture of the lady. The couch on the other hand is casted with the hue of red color and here too the use of brown both light and dark shades have been well organized keeping in mind the actual color scheme of the portrait. Taking a gaze at the socio-cultural aspect of the society portrait apart from its technical side, it can be well asserted that the hair style and the kind of wardrobe, the lady is putting up indicates a time frame of early half of the twentieth century. During that time, butterfly sleeves and use of shrugs, stoles and veils were very common. The lady is also putting up a necklace made of some yellow beads; the choice of simple yet exquisite jewelry in terms of both the necklace and the ear-ring and wristlet on the left hand is showing a mark of classy style. The lady is probably holding her bag or a veil black in color and very interestingly the side of the couch is having dark brown and black hues which is posited parallel to the lady’s black

Urban Polution In the 14th century Research Paper

Urban Polution In the 14th century - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that the rising concerns about pollution in America and Britain are not a new issue. By the 14th century, many European city dwellers had started showing their displeasure at the rising level of pollution in their towns. In the 1970s for example, many urban dwellers raised their voices in protest about the rising level of air pollution in their cities.   At this time, it was perceived that the main cause of the pollution was the motor vehicle. Fumes from the motor vehicles chocked people as they passed through traffic. This essay discusses that one thing that the American urban dwellers living in the 1970s forgot is that the auto’s main predecessor, the horse, was earlier perceived to be a worse option in respect of urban pollution. Many scholars decried the pollution that was in urban centers and in fact demanded that horses be banished from American cities. One authority noted that the horse was a taxing economic burden to humans and an affront to hygiene.   At this time, it was widely agreed that the â€Å"horseless carriage† be adopted as a solution to the pollution problem. The researcher states that in the 14th century, in Europe, the horse had been identified as a major cause of pollution. Based on Statistics, it was established by sanitary experts that a horse produces between 15 and 30 pounds of dung every day.  

Tasks that can be performed by Self-Managed teams Essay Example for Free

Tasks that can be performed by Self-Managed teams Essay Many organizations are enabling self-managed teams so that the costs of hiring senior managers and supervisors to handle the team are removed. The organization should also be aware that only some and not all of the tasks could be performed using self-management means. All autonomous jobs and tasks can be performed on a self-management basis. As one member is able to acquire and develop skills, the other members would be learning through interactions. In this way the entire team would be competent with performing several tasks in the organizations. Some of the difficult tasks, which are highly unstable and need use of highly specialized skills, may be difficult to be performed by self-managed groups. It may also be difficult for temporary teams and committees to perform self-managed tasks. In the field of nursing and medicine, the management has to ensure that the self-managed teams are not temporary or transient teams that are working for some kind of temporary project. The skills that a self-managed team possesses should be permanent and involve the much routine work (Silverman, 1996). Roles and Responsibilities of Self-Managed teams A self-managed team would be having several roles and responsibilities in the organization. These roles and responsibilities have to be met at various stages of development of the team self-management development. The organization’s culture should be supported by the seven roles of the self-managed team. The seven roles of the self-managed team include: Ensure that the principles and values of the organization are constantly met – these include performance of several tasks such as demonstrating behavior, making decisions and communicating with the customers and suppliers keeping in mind the basic values and principles of the organization. The team member has to also demonstrate personal behavior and values that are in track with those of the organization when communicating with other team members. All conflicts and problems should be handled keeping in and the principles and the values of the organization. Ensure that the various team-related processes are handled in an effective manner – This is closely related to the organization’s culture. The team that is functional should ensure that the characteristics of teamwork and team spirit are incorporated in all work performed. The team should identity the functions and processes that are needed for the work to be performed. The roles, responsibilities, areas of helping one another, etc need to be performed. The team members should know the rules, regulations, decision-making approach, etc, so that any barriers cannot hamper the work. Between the members of the team a mutual trust and understanding should exist. Each member of the team should be available to take over the functions of his fellow team member in case the need is required. The team would also have to closely evaluate and monitor its performance so that any obstacles that may be existent with the workflow is identified and addressed appropriately. Ensure that the team environment is conducive to work Complete the team’s work – Each of the team members should be aware of the various responsibilities of the members and the various processes that are existent. A team member should identity his responsibility and should complete it. They should priorities the work based on the urgency and ensure that all tasks are completed on time. The team members should be able to gather in a group and discuss the tasks and responsibilities to be shared by each team member. They should also be aware of the resources necessary to complete the work, and the manner in which the resources have to be obtained. Each staff member has to schedule his/her work accordingly, and obtain all necessary information to complete the tasks efficiently. The staff members should be able to respond to the information presented to them. They should be able to understand the information and accordingly act. The staff should participate in the organization wide-system – This is a linkage-directed work to ensure that the staff members are able to participate in examining organization-wide processes. The staff members would have to perform certain standardization functions such as purchasing the logistics, paying the taxes, etc. They would also have to collect the data regarding the organization-wide data, analyses it and provide it to the appropriate authorities as and when required. The team members should also give the organization ideas of any changes required in the policies. The other activities in this purview include participation in training and workshops, assessments, appraisals, audits, etc. The staff should participate in the organization wide-strategies – This is a vision-directed work and ensures that the organization’s vision is kept in mind. A team member would have to gather data regarding the environment the organization is functioning in. An organization would be having several inherent strengths and weakens. This would relate to the external environment in the form of opportunities and strengths. The vision statement of the organization should consider the opportunities that are existent in the future, as it has to be realistic and able to function in the external environment. The self-managed team would be the first to interact with the patriot, and hence data regarding the external environment would be available on a first hand basis to the self-managed team. The team would be able to relate the data regrind the external environment to the internal capabilities. In the future, this data could be utilized by the organization whilst strategizing. The self-management teams should be involved in the management by attending meetings conducted for business plans. (Silverman, 1996 Moss, 1996).

Analysis of Priceline.com :: Internet Online Purchasing E-Commerce Essays

Analysis of Priceline.com Incomplete Paper Priceline.com (PCLN) may have been able to bring a dynamic reverse auction model to the market, but a cloud of doubt now hangs over the company's headquarters in Norwalk, Connecticut. Consumer adoption has been hurt by poor Web site functionality and a rigid bidding system that locks customers into buying products such as plane tickets without any control over specific flight details. On a bullish note, the company was recently reinstated into Connecticut's Better Business Bureau after making improvements to its Web site and customer service. But the bigger problem facing Priceline is a lack of support from investors, who have driven the company's stock down 98% from its 52-week high. Executive departures and layoffs aside, the company's delayed march toward profitability and inability to scale successfully might very well exemplify a doomed model, or a solution in search of a problem. Perhaps an emphasis on price has blinded Priceline to intangibles like quality service and a satisfying experience. It's unclear whether consumers are willing to sacrifice brand and product features to save a few bucks. The announcement in early October that the company's WebHouse Club subsidiary for groceries and gas would close, was a shot heard 'round the Web and Wall Street and signaled the model might be broken. Introduction Which is the one place where you can satisfy your every need (almost every need) at your price? Be it airline tickets, hotel rooms, rental cars, mortgages, new automobiles, or even long distance calling time. The answer would be Priceline.com. All you have to do is know your need, state your terms, and make your offer. It doesn’t get easier than this! Priceline.com was one of the pioneer online companies to traverse the traditional limitations of the Internet and revolutionize online purchasing. It’s strategy – letting the consumer name his/her price, and matching it with a seller who is willing to fill the demand at that price and those conditions, there by providing the required service the consumer desires. Thus Priceline.com is basically an integrated, Web-based e-marketing automated system, which was one of its kinds when it started its business in the consumer marketplace. In simple word it is the ideal middleman, who gets you what you want, wh en you want it through a unique dotcom experience. Priceline.com was formed on April 6, 1998 as a limited liability company, but looking at its potential and rapid success it was soon converted into a corporation.

Famous Manager

NAME: PHILLIP H. KNIGHT Position: Chairman of Board of Directors in NIKE, INC The Nike boss wasn't a big fan of advertising, but the company's flair for promotion launched an athletic-shoe revolution. â€Å"Play by the rules. But be ferocious. â€Å"-Philip H. Knight In 1993, the man whom The Sporting News voted â€Å"the most powerful person in sports† wasn't an athlete, a manager or a team owner. He was Philip H. Knight, the dynamic iconoclast who for nearly 30 years has shod the feet of sports legends and â€Å"weekend warriors† alike.In less than a decade, his marketing savvy and uncompromising competitiveness had transformed the athletic-shoe industry and made Nike one of the most successful and widely recognized brand names in the world. Knight first came up with the blueprint for what would become the world's No. 1 athletic-shoe company while working on his master's degree at Stanford University. Assigned to write a term paper on starting a small business in an area he knew well, the former University of Oregon track star naturally chose running.He outlined a plan for breaking the stranglehold Adidas had on the running-shoe market by using cheap Japanese labor to manufacture a cheaper, better-quality running shoe. Shortly after graduating in 1962, Knight decided to put his plan into action. He flew to Japan to visit Onitsuka Tiger Co. , manufacturer of an Adidas knockoff sold in Japan. Introducing himself as the head of Blue Ribbon Sports, a company which existed only in his mind, Knight told Tiger executives that his firm was the ideal choice to import their shoes into the United States.He convinced Tiger to send him some samples, promising to place an order after his â€Å"partners† examined them. Back in the United States, Knight borrowed money from his father to pay for the samples, and he sent a few pairs to his former University of Oregon coach, Bill Bowerman, who quickly became his partner. Putting up $500 each, Bowerman and Knight officially formed Blue Ribbon Sports and purchased 200 pairs of Tigers, which Knight began selling from his car at high school track meets throughout the Pacific Northwest.By the early 1970s, sales had reached $3 million, and Knight decided it was time for Blue Ribbon to break with Tiger and start designing its own shoes. In 1972, Blue Ribbon launched its Nike line, named after the Greek goddess of victory. Emblazoned with a â€Å"swoosh† logo Knight paid a Portland State art student $35 to design, the shoes featured a unique â€Å"waffle sole†-created by Bowerman-that offered better traction with less weight. Knight's marketing strategy was simple.Rather than rely on advertising (which he admittedly loathed), he would get top athletes to endorse his shoes, and then let his sales force sell the product. His strategy and the timing of the launch couldn't have been better. That summer, the Olympic track and field trials were held in Eugene, Oregon, with none othe r than Bill Bowerman as coach of the American Olympic team. Knight took full advantage of the opportunity, putting Nikes on the feet of several top finishers. When they made national television, so did the shoes they were wearing.One of the most visible runners to wear Nikes was American record-holder Steve Prefontaine. A cocky, anti-establishment type, Prefontaine became the first of a team of edgy athletes Knight recruited to endorse his shoes. As Knight had planned, athlete endorsements played a major role in boosting Nike sales throughout the 1970s. For instance, after tennis â€Å"bad boy† John McEnroe hurt his ankle and began wearing Nike three-quarter-top shoes, sales of that style leapt from 10,000 pairs to over 1 million. And the sudden popularity of jogging combined with Nike's canny marketing created a demand where none existed before.No longer would any old pair of shoes do for that jog around the block; people wanted to wear what the best in the world were wearin g. and that was Nike (as Blue Ribbon was re-christened in 1978). Nike experienced continued success throughout the early 1980s, thanks mostly to the tremendous sales of its Air Jordan line. Commercials glorifying Michael Jordan's high-flying, slam-dunking antics made the gaudy black and red sneakers a hot item, selling more than $100 million worth in the first year alone.By 1986, total sales hit $1 billion, and Nike surpassed Adidas to become the No. 1 shoe manufacturer worldwide. Amazingly, Knight stumbled only once in his stellar career. In the late 1980s, Nike's strategy of focusing on hard-edged, hard-core athletes ignored the growing market for aerobics shoes. When British shoe manufacturer Reebok pitched their leather shoes as a fashion item for the trendy aerobic workout crowd, they quickly overtook Nike in the top spot. Between 1986 and 1987, Nike sales dropped 18 percent.Knight was forced to face the fact that while Nike technology appealed to sports professionals, other co nsumers might rank appearance over function. In response, Nike came up with Nike Air-a multipurpose shoe with an air cushion in the sole. The commercial produced to unveil the new line featured the Beatles' song â€Å"Revolution. † (The rights to which cost Nike $250,000. ) Nike Air may or may not have been a revolution in footwear, but it certainly revived sales. Nike regained the lead from Reebok in 1990 and has remained there ever since.But as Nike has grown into a huge multinational enterprise, it has become a magnet for controversy. In 1990, it came under fire from Jessie Jackson, who maintained that while African-Americans accounted for a large percentage of Nike's sales, Nike had no black vice presidents or board members. Jackson launched a boycott that led to the appointment of Nike's first black board member. That same year, stories of teenagers being killed for their Air Jordan's sparked outrage at what was perceived as Nike's overzealous promotion of its shoes.More recently, Knight has been accused of exploiting factory workers in Asia, some of whom are paid less than $2 per day by the subcontractors who manufacture Nikes. But despite this negative publicity, Nike sales have remained strong. Philip Knight, now in his late 50s, has come to be viewed as one of the master marketers of the age. When asked by a reporter how he achieved such fame, in a veiled reference to the Reebok torpedo that forced him to rethink his marketing strategy, Knight replied, â€Å"How did John Kennedy become a war hero? They sunk his boat. † Retrieved from www. ntrepreneur. com on April 10, 2013 As I can see on this article , we can obviously state that Phillip Knight became a good leader or manager. The qualities he have are (1)Perspective – he have the vision of what he wanted or desires for the company to be better (2) able to inspires, encourage and motivate other employer to do job proper and positive (3) able to communicate with his other co-membe r to produce more effectively plan (4) able to lead and control the company’s operation (5) Good in making effective decisions. Retrieved from www. entrepreneur. com

The Alchemist Summary Part One

Mabel Medina July 1, 2012 English 513 Kelly Understand The Alchemist Summary In â€Å"Part One† of The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho, is so far about a boy named Santiago starting out his quest in the search of his Personal Legend. Santiago is a shepherd who likes to travel and enjoys being around his sheep. Although he travels all over, there was a certain village the shepherd boy enjoyed going to sell his sheep’s wool because he liked the merchant’s daughter.The author describes Santiago recall why he decided to become a shepherd and how his father helped him by giving him three gold coins to buy his flock of sheep. The boy was happy being a shepherd; he had his sheep, a jacket and book. One day, Santiago went to a Gypsy where he tells her about a recurrent dream he has had about finding treasure in the Egyptian pyramids. The Gypsy does not give him a lot of information about his dream, but does tell him that if he finds the treasure, to give her one-tenth.Later on that day, the boy is reading his book, when an old man came by him and tried to start a conversation. When the old man finally got the boy’s attention, he tells him he is the King of Salem, and how he can find the hidden treasure, but wants one-tenth of his sheep in return. The old man also tells the boy to not give up and to go forth and search for the treasure before it is too late and he gives up. The next day, Santiago met up with the old man and gives him one-tenth of his sheep.In return, the old man gave the boy advice that would be helpful throughout his journey, and two rocks, Urim and Thummim (one black meaning yes, and the other white, meaning no), to help him read omens better. Santiago began his journey and went to Africa. While in Africa, as the author describes, the boy feels insecure because of the language barrier, but quickly entrusts in a boy who speaks the same language as he and invites him along his journey. The two boys go into the plaza, and Santiagoâ €™s new friend is suddenly out of sight, with all of his money, and he later realizes that his â€Å"friend† has robbed him.The following day, the boy observes a candy seller, and as he is doing so, he realizes that he needs to have patience on his journey. A crystal merchant notices Santiago in the plaza and watches him. Santiago offers to clean his glass windows in exchange for food. As Santiago was working, two customers went in the shop, and the crystal merchant offers him a job, taking the customers as a good omen. The boy accepts, telling him that he will work for him until he has enough money to buy some sheep.

A Lantern in her Hand essays

A Lantern in her Hand essays Abby and Will Deal and their son Mack moved from their long-time home in Blackhawk County to their new prarie home in Platsmouth, Nebraska. At their new home the prairies rolled on for as far as the eye could see. Whip-like grass, that was waist high, waved across the prairie like a rolling ocean. The sounds of coyotes and wolves rang all arround you like music. The dirt was as black and rich as oil, quite ideal for farming. The little soddie (a house made from sod) was a nice temporary home for the family. It was made from strips of sod that Will cut from the ground himself, and then was covered by a thick layer of mud. The furniture in side the house was also made of sod, and then covered with quilts. There was a little, shallow river that ran by their home. That is where Abby got the water from until Will could get the well dug. It sounds On conflict that happens early in the book is when Abbys mother loses her mansion. Well let me begin form the beginning of the conflict. Abbys dad came from a very welthy family, and her mom came from a phesent family. Her mom was a beautiful Irish peasant. They fell in love and his family had to learn to accept that peasant which their son had fell in love with. His family never accepted the idea that their son had fallen in love with and peasant. when his parents died they left the mansion to abbeys father. a short while before Abby was born her dad took a pleasure trip to New York, and signed a paper for a man and lost everything back in Scotland. Abbys mother tried to get their horses but had to bid on everything that they got out of the house. so therefore her poor mother and grandmother had to come up with money they didnt have, so that Abbys mother could get some memmories of their past life. The message that the author is trying to get across to the reader is th ...

F-4 Phantom II in the Vietnam War

F-4 Phantom II in the Vietnam War In 1952, McDonnell Aircraft began internal studies to determine which service branch was most in need of a new aircraft. Led by Preliminary Design Manager Dave Lewis, the team found that the US Navy would soon require a new attack aircraft to replace the F3H Demon. The designer of the Demon, McDonnell began revising the aircraft in 1953, with the goal of improving performance and capabilities. Creating the Superdemon, which could achieve Mach 1.97 and was powered by twin General Electric J79 engines, McDonnell also created an aircraft that was modular in that different cockpits and nose cones could be affixed to the fuselage depending on desired mission. The US Navy was intrigued by this concept and requested a full-scale mock-up of the design. Assessing the design, it ultimately passed as it was satisfied with the supersonic fighters already in development such as the Grumman F-11 Tiger and Vought F-8 Crusader.  Ã‚   Design Development Altering the design to make the new aircraft an all-weather fighter-bomber featuring 11 external hardpoints, McDonnell received a letter of intent for two prototypes, designated YAH-1, on October 18, 1954. Meeting with the US Navy the following May, McDonnell was handed a new set of requirements calling for an all-weather fleet interceptor as the service had aircraft to fulfill the fighter and strike roles. Setting to work, McDonnell developed the XF4H-1 design. Powered by two J79-GE-8 engines, the new aircraft saw the addition of a second crewman to serve as a radar operator. In laying out the XF4H-1, McDonnell placed the engines low in the fuselage similar to its earlier F-101 Voodoo and employed variable geometry ramps in the intakes to regulate airflow at supersonic speeds. Following extensive wind tunnel testing, the outer sections of the wings were given  12 ° dihedral (upward angle) and the tailplane  23 ° anhedral (downward angle). Additionally, a dogtooth indentation was inserted in the wings to enhance control at higher angles of attack. The results of these alterations gave the XF4H-1 a distinctive look. Utilizing titanium in the airframe, the XF4H-1s all-weather capability was derived from the inclusion of the AN/APQ-50 radar. As the new aircraft was intended as an interceptor rather than a fighter, early models possessed nine external hardpoints for missiles and bombs, but no gun. Dubbed the Phantom II, the US Navy ordered two XF4H-1 test aircraft and five YF4H-1 pre-production fighters in July 1955. Taking Flight On May 27, 1958, the type made its maiden flight with Robert C. Little at the controls. Later that year, the XF4H-1 entered into competition with the single-seat Vought XF8U-3. An evolution of the F-8 Crusader, the Vought entry was defeated by the XF4H-1 as the US Navy preferred the latters performance and that the workload was split between two crew members. After additional testing, the F-4 entered production and commenced  carrier suitability trials in early 1960. Early in production, the aircrafts radar was upgraded to the more powerful  Westinghouse AN/APQ-72. Specifications (F-4E Phantom II) General Length: 63 ft.Wingspan: 38 ft. 4.5 in.Height: 16 ft. 6 in.Wing Area: 530 sq. ft.Empty Weight: 30,328 lbs.Loaded Weight: 41,500 lbs.Crew: 2 Performance Power Plant: 2 Ãâ€" General Electric J79-GE-17A axial compressor turbojetsCombat Radius: 367 nautical milesMax. Speed: 1,472 mph (Mach 2.23)Ceiling: 60,000 ft. Armament 1 x M61 Vulcan 20 mm Gatling cannonUp to 18,650 lbs. of weapons on nine external hardpoints, including air-to-air missiles, air-to-ground missiles, and most types of bombs Operational History Setting several aviation records just prior to and in the years after introduction, the F-4 became operational on December 30, 1960, with VF-121. As the US Navy transitioned to the aircraft in the early 1960s, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara pushed to create a single fighter for all branches of the military. Following an F-4Bs victory over the F-106 Delta Dart in Operation Highspeed, the US Air Force requested two of the aircraft, dubbing them the F-110A Spectre. Evaluating the aircraft, the USAF developed requirements for their own version with an emphasis on the fighter-bomber role. Vietnam Adopted by the USAF in 1963, their initial variant was dubbed the F-4C. With the US entry in the Vietnam War, the F-4 became one of the most identifiable aircraft of the conflict. US Navy F-4s flew their first combat sortie as part of Operation Pierce Arrow on August 5, 1964. The F-4s first air-to-air victory occurred the following April when Lieutenant (j.g.) Terence M. Murphy and his radar intercept officer, Ensign Ronald Fegan, downed a Chinese MiG-17. Flying primarily in the fighter/interceptor role, US Navy F-4s downed 40 enemy aircraft to a loss of five of their own. An additional 66 were lost to missiles and ground fire. Also flown by the US Marine Corps, the F-4 saw service from both carriers and land bases during the conflict. Flying ground support missions, USMC F-4s claimed three kills while losing 75 aircraft, mostly to ground fire. Though the latest adopter of the F-4, the USAF became its largest user. During Vietnam, USAF F-4s fulfilled both air superiority and ground support roles. As F-105 Thunderchief losses grew, the F-4 carried more and more of the ground support burden and by the end of the war was the USAFs primary all-around aircraft. To support this change in mission, specially equipped and trained F-4 Wild Weasel squadrons were formed with the first deploying in late 1972. In addition, a photo reconnaissance variant, the RF-4C, was used by four squadrons. During the Vietnam War, the USAF lost a total of 528 F-4s (of all types) to enemy action with the majority being down by anti-aircraft fire or surface-to-air missiles. In exchange, USAF F-4s downed 107.5 enemy aircraft. The five aviators (2 US Navy, 3 USAF) credited with ace status during the Vietnam War all flew the F-4. Changing Missions Following Vietnam, the F-4 remained the principal aircraft for both the US Navy and USAF. Through the 1970s, the US Navy began replacing the F-4 with the new F-14 Tomcat. By 1986, all F-4s had been retired from frontline units. The aircraft remained in service with the USMC until 1992, when the last airframe was replaced by the F/A-18 Hornet. Through the 1970s and 1980s, the USAF transitioned to the F-15 Eagle and F-16 Fighting Falcon. During this time, the F-4 was retained in its Wild Weasel and reconnaissance role. These two latter types, the F-4G Wild Weasel V and RF-4C, deployed to the Middle East in 1990, as part of Operation Desert Shield/Storm. During operations, the F-4G played a key role in suppressing Iraqi air defenses, while the RF-4C collected valuable intelligence. One of each type was lost during the conflict, one to damage from ground fire and the other to an accident. The final USAF F-4 was retired in 1996, however several are still in use as target drones. Issues As the F-4 was initially intended as an interceptor, it was not equipped with a gun as planners believed that air-to-air combat at supersonic speeds would be fought exclusively with missiles. The fighting over Vietnam soon showed that engagements quickly became subsonic, turning battles which often precluded the use of air-to-air missiles. In 1967, USAF pilots began mounting external gunpods on their aircraft, however the lack of a leading gunsight in the cockpit made them highly inaccurate. This issue was addressed with the addition of an integrated 20 mm M61 Vulcan gun to the F-4E model in the late 1960s. Another problem that frequently arose with the aircraft was the production of black smoke when the engines were run at military power. This smoke trail made the aircraft easy to spot. Many pilots found ways to avoid producing the smoke by running one engine on afterburner and the other at reduced power. This provided an equivalent amount of thrust, without the telltale smoke trail. This issue was addressed with the Block 53 group of the F-4E which included smokeless J79-GE-17C (or -17E) engines. Other Users The second-most produced Western jet fighter in history with 5,195 units, the F-4 was extensively exported. Nations that have flown the aircraft include Israel, Great Britain, Australia, and Spain. While many have since retired the F-4, the aircraft has been modernized and is still use (as of 2008) by Japan, Germany, Turkey, Greece, Egypt, Iran, and South Korea.

Should the Ruler Always Keep His Word Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Should the Ruler Always Keep His Word - Essay Example It is possible to present power from an unusual perspective. This task was the most relevant to Machiavelli and he managed to open the eyes of his fans and follower and the coming generations on the real essence of power, and on power of the words. In the majority of cases Princes are focused on their own interests. They are selfish and prudent; they do not care about their people at all. Machiavelli has been focused on the relevance of the ruler and the meaning of his word. Further on this paper considers controversial and challenging moments of the statement that a ruler should not keep his word. A word of a ruler Machiavelli inspires readers. They love him for sincerity, unexpected expressions, feelings and emotions. Machiavelli claims: â€Å"One ought not, of course, to call it  virtu  to massacre one’s fellow citizens, to betray one’s friends, to break one’s word, to be without mercy and without religion. By such means one can acquire power but not glor y† (Prince online). Nowadays, the majority of politicians are focused on power. They consider it as an enormous blessing and there is no doubt that even the modern politicians cannot look further than their nose. Machiavelli and his feeling of patriotism, multiplied by a possibility to exist among other politicians and clerk were the main triggers for further developments of his political ideas. Actually, Machiavelli described people as masters and slaves. A former group of people is more powerful and it is appropriate for them to take care about themselves only. Slaves, or common people, in accordance with Machiavelli, are narrow-minded and follow the laws of the ruler, like an obedient herd of ships (Bagley, 1989). Therefore, it is possible to suggest, that Machiavelli wants to describe a dual nature of a human being. There are two origins in the nature of every man: on the one hand, we choose: "What [classical writers] intended to convey, with this story of rulers’ b eing educated by someone who was half beast and half man, was that it is necessary for a ruler to know when to act like an animal and when like a man; and if he relies on just one or the other mode of behavior he cannot hope to survive" (Prince online). This explanation can be correlated with a developed system of people, i.e. Masters and Slaves (Alter, 1999). Masters know how to behave with their slaves; they impose perverted laws on them and they have no doubts that their Slaves would follow all their needs and wants. When it goes about Masters’ words or the ways of behavior, they have sharp minds and can easily choose appropriate strategies and the ways of behavior. A Master uses beasty features, turns into a lion and can easily conquer his enemies. A Master turns into a fox, when he wants to conduct his cunning laws and create traps for his Slaves. On the one hand, it is appropriate for a ruler to choose different strategies of behavior. Otherwise it is impossible to reig n. On the other hand, what can be said about a ruler if he does not keep his word? He can lose respect and trust of his people. Only a feeling of fear can prevent people from real protesting. In this case, the Prince can behave in whatever he wants, because he will get no resistance from people around him. There are many things, which are permitted for the king, but these deeds are forbidden for a slave. Machiavelli claims that there are many sins and every man

Nepotism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nepotism - Essay Example There are several concepts that should be engaged in the analysis while considering the nature of nepotism. To begin with, it would not be an exaggeration to suggest that the notion of integrity is something that is heavily damaged by the issue in question (McNamee, 2004, p. 87). Indeed, granting positions or preferences to family member can hardly be compatible with integrity of an organization. The next concept that is of great important when it comes to a fair examination of it is the idea of competition. As it has already been noted, people have to fight for their success and should be rewarded accordingly. The practice of nepotism grants a person an advantage that ruins the entire system of competition in the society and does not allow people to advance. Finally, the concept of meritocracy is something that should also be engaged while considering the impact that nepotism has on the society. It certainly would be an ideal situation when people are rewarded according to their mer its, but it is something that the social environment should be moving forward to; however, the practice of nepotism just makes this state of affairs unrealistic and reinforces the inequality among the people. In other words, the very existence of it does not allow the society evolve properly. That is why nepotism might be seen as a direct result of the inertia that has been guiding the process of development of the society for a considerable time. Nevertheless, it is quite obvious that is this practice is not taken care of, it will lead to a dead end. Keeping in mind that people will never want to stop evolution of their civilization, there is no other way but to deal with nepotism. That is why nepotism might be seen as a direct result of the inertia that has been guiding the process of development of the society for a considerable time. Nevertheless, it is quite

Diversity in the Work Place Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diversity in the Work Place - Research Paper Example The workplace diversity is developed based on the principles of EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity). It focuses on ensuring the fact that all the employees should have an equal access to the employment opportunities and conditions. Diversity means acceptance and valuing of these differences which are inherent in each and every individual and recognition of the contribution where a diverse workforce will enhance the performance and effectiveness of the organizations. The key aspect of such workplace diversity is the contribution which is made to the organization in order to set it free from all the discriminations and harassments. Challenges in the workplace diversity Some of the challenges which concern the workplace diversity process are Cultural and language barriers The cultural and language barriers are needed to be overcome for the diversity programs to be successful. Ineffective communication might result in the lack of a proper teamwork within the organization (D'Almeida, 2007) . Resistance to change Sometimes the employees refuse to accept and adapt to changes in the cultural and social environment in their workplace. This results in a resistance to fast progress of the organization. IBM The company which has been chosen for understanding the workplace diversity and its importance within an organization is IBM. International Business Machine Corporation is one of the American multinational corporations. It’s headquarter is located in Armonk, New York. The company manufactures as well as markets computer hardware and software and also offers other services like hosting, consulting etc. in various areas ranging from the mainframe computers to the nanotechnology (IBM, 2013). It is presently employing 434,246 employees (IBM, 2012). The company was established in the year 1911 on the merger of three big companies i.e. Tabulating Machine Company, the Computing Scale Company and the International Time Recording Company (The Atlantic, 2013; IBM, 2007). IBM : Views Regarding Workplace Diversity In order to remain competitive, IBM believes that it needs an employee population which understands the markets where the company serves its products and services (IBM, 2008). The company requires an employee population uniting all the different cultures, professions, perspectives, geographical origin etc. into one global integrated enterprise (IBM, 2010). The goal of the company is an enhancement of open-mindedness, awareness, knowledge, and respect for other cultures for building a stronger working team which can foster innovation. The diversity in IBM signifies that the difference is always expected, valued and encouraged within the organization so that each and every employee can be innovative, productive and achieve full potential. The mission of the company is creating such a culture, environment and climate where the talents from various regions would be valued and maximized by the utilization of this diverse talent in various fields whic h would result in the achievement of success for the corporation.

Calculations of the Spin Structure of Trimer Cr3

Calculations of the Spin Structure of Trimer Cr3 Calculation of Magnetic Properties by Generalized Spin Hamiltonian and Generation  of Global Entanglement: Cr Trimer in molecule and on surface Oleg V. Stepanyuk2, Oleg V. Farberovich1 1 Raymond and Bekerly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences,  School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel 2 Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany Here we present the results of the first-principles calculations of the spin structure of trimer Cr3  with the use of a density-functional scheme allowing for the non-collinear spin configurations in  [1]. Using the results of these calculations we determine the Heisenberg-Dirac-Van Vleck (HDVV)  Hamiltonian with anisotropic exchange couplings parameters linking the Cr ions with predominant  spin density. The energy pattern was found from the effective HDVV Hamiltonian acting in the  restricted spin space of the Cr ions by the application of the irreducible tensor operators (ITO)   technique. Comparison of the energy pattern with that obtained with the anisotropic exchange  models conventionally used for the analysis of this system and with the results of non-collinear  spin structure calculations show that our complex investigations provides a good description of the  pattern of the spin levels and spin structures of the nanomagnetic trimer Cr3. The results are   discussed in the view of a general problem of spin frustration related to the orbital degeneracy of  the antiferromagnetic ground state.   PACS numbers: I. INTRODUCTION Information technologies provide very interesting challenges  and an extremely wide playground in which scientists  working in materials science, chemistry, physics and  nano-fabrication technologies may find stimuli for novel  ideas. Curiously, the nanometre scale is the molecular  scale. So we may wonder whether, how or simply which  functional molecules can be regarded in some ways as  possible components of nanodevices. The goal is ambitious: it is not just a matter to store information in a 3dmetal  trimer on a non-magnetic substrate, but we may  think to process information with a trimer and then to  communicate information at the supramolecules containg  from magnetic 3d-metal trimer on a surface. Spins are alternative complementary to charges as degrees  of freedom to encode information. Recent examples,  like for instance the discovery and application of Giant  magnetoresistance in Spintronics, have demonstrated  the efficient use of spins for information technologies. Moreover, spins are intrinsically quantum entities and  they have therefore been widely investigated in the field  of quantum-information processing. Molecular nanomagnets  are real examples of finite spin chains (1D) or clusters  (0D), and therefore they constitute a new benchmark  for testing models of interacting quantum objects. New physics of molecular magnets feeds hopes of certain  prospective applications, and such hopes pose the  problem of understanding, improving, or predicting desirable  characteristics of these materials. The applications  which come into discussion are, for instance, magnetic  storage (one molecule would store one bit, with  much higher information storage density than accessible  with microdomains of present-day storage media or magnetic  nanoparticles of next future). In order to exploit  the quantum features for information processing, molecular  spin clusters have to fulfil some basic requirements. Magnetic transition metal nanostructures on nonmagnetic  substrates have attracted recently large attention  due to their novel and unusual magnetic properties[2,3]. The supported clusters experience both the  reduction of the local coordination number, as in free  clusters, as well as the interactions with the electronic  degrees of freedom of the substrate, as in embedded clusters.   The complex magnetic behavior is usually associated  with the competition of several interactions, such  as interatomic exchange and bonding interactions, and  in some cases noncollinear effects, which can give rise to  several metastable states close in energy. The ground  state can therefore be easily tuned by external action  giving rise to the switching between different states. In recent years, entanglement has attracted the attention  of many physicists working in the area of quantum  mechanics [1, 2]. This is due to the ongoing research in  the area of quantum information [3]. Theoretical studies  are also important in the context of spin interactions  inside two structured reservoirs [9] such as single magnetic  molecule (SMM) and metal cluster on nonmagnetic  surface. Cr is unique among the transition-metal  adatoms, because its half-filled valence configuration  (3d54s1) yields both a large magnetic moment and strong  interatomic bonding leading to magnetic frustration. We  apply our method to Cr trimers deposited on a Au(111)  surface and the trinuclear hydroxo-bridged chromium  ammine complex [Cr3(NH3)10(OH)4]Br5  · 3H2O. Low-lying excited states of a magnetic system are generally  described in terms of a general spin-Hamiltonian. For a magnetic system with many spin sites, this phenomenological  Hamiltonian is written as a sum of pairwise  spin exchange interactions between adjacent spin  sites in molecule and surface. In the present work we study entanglement between  the spin states in the spin spectrum. In our model, a  spin state interact with a continuum of the spin structure  at interval temperature 0 – 300 K, and entanglement  properties between the spin states in spin structure are  considered. Using global entanglement as a measure of  entanglement, we derive a pair of distributions that can  be interpreted as densities of entanglement in terms of  all the eigenvalue of the spin spectrum. This distribution  can be calculated in terms of the spectrum of spin excitation  of cluster surface and supramolecule. With these  new measures of entanglement we can study in detail  entanglement between the spin modes in spin structure. The method developed here, in terms of entanglement  distributions, can also be used when considering various  types of structured reservoirs [..]. II. THE THEORETICAL APPROACH In order to give a theoretical description of magnetic  dimer we exploit the irreducible tensor operator (ITO)  technique [ITO]. Let us consider a spin cluster of arbitrary  topology formed from an arbitrary number of magnetic  sites, N, with local spins S1, S2,, SN which, in  general, can have different values. A successive spin coupling  scheme is adopted: S1 + S2 = SËÅ"2, SËÅ"2 + S3 = SËÅ"3, , SNËÅ"à ´Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬1 + SN = S, where ËÅ" S represents the complete set of intermediate spin  quantum numbers SËÅ"k, with k=1,2,,N-1.The eigenstates  | và ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ © of spin-Hamiltonian will be given by linear combinations  of the basis states | ( ËÅ" S)SMà ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ ©: | và ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ © = ÃŽ £ (~S )SM à ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¨(~S )SM | và ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ © | (~S )SMà ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ ©, (1) where the coefficients à ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¨( ËÅ" S)SM | và ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ © can be evaluated once  the spin-Hamiltonian of the system has been diagonalized. Since each term of spin-Hamiltonian can be rewritten  as a combination of the irreducible tensor operators  technique[ITO].In [ITO] work focus on the main physical  interactions which determine the spin-Hamiltonian and  to rewrite them in terms of the ITO’s. The exchange  part of the spin-Hamiltonian is to introduced: Hspin = H0 + HBQ + HAS + HAN. (2) The first term H0 is the Heisenberg-Dirac Hamiltonian,  which represents the isotropic exchange interaction, HBQ  is the biquadratic exchange Hamiltonian, HAS is the antisymmetric  exchange Hamiltonian,and HAN represents  the anisotropic exchange interaction. Conventionally,  they can be expressed as follows [ITO]: H0 = −2 ÃŽ £ i;f Jif bSi bSf (3) HBQ = − ÃŽ £ i;f jif ( bSi bSf )2 (4) HAS = ÃŽ £ i;f Gif [ bSi Ãâ€" bSf ] (5) HAN = −2 ÃŽ £ i;f ÃŽ £ _ J_ if bS_ i bS_ f (6) with ÃŽ ± = x, y, z We can add to the exchange Hamiltonian  the term due to the axial single-ion anisotropy: HZF = ÃŽ £ i Di bSz(i)2 (7) where Jif and J_   if are the parameters of the isotropic and  anisotropic exchange iterations, jif are the coefficients of  the biquadratic exchange iterations,and Gif=-Gfi is the  vector of the antisymmetric exchange. The terms of the  spin-Hamiltonian above can be written in terms of the  ITO’s. Both the Heisenberg–Dirac and biquadratic exchange  are isotropic interactions. In fact, the corresponding  Hamiltonians can be described by rank-0 tensor operators  and thus have non zero matrix elements only  with states with the same total spin quantum number  S (ΔS,ΔM=0). The representative matrix can be decomposed  into blocks depending only on the value of S  and M. All anisotropic terms are described by rank-2  tensor operators which have non zero matrix elements  between state with ΔS=0, ±1, ±2 and their matrices can  not be decomposed into blocks depending only on total  spin S in account of the S–mixing between spin states  with different S. The single-ion anisotropy can be written  in terms of rank-2 single site ITO’s [ITO]. Finally,  the antisymmetric exchange term is the sum of ITO’s of  rank-1. The ITO technique has been used to design the MAGPACK  software [ITO1], a package to calculate the energy  levels, bulk magnetic properties, and inelastic neutron  scattering spectra of high nuclearity spin clusters that  allows studying efficiently properties of nanoscopic magnets. A. Calculation of the magnetic properties Once we have the energy levels, we can evaluate different  thermodynamic properties of the system as magnetization,  magnetic susceptibility, and magnetic specific  heat. Because anisotropic interactions are not included,  the magnetic properties of the anisotropic system do not  depend on the direction of the magnetic field. For this  reason one can consider the magnetic field directed along  arbitrary axis Z of the molecular coordinate frame that  is chosen as a spin quantization axis. In this case the  energies of the system will be à Ã‚ µ_(Ms)+geÃŽ ²MsHZ, where  Ãƒ Ã‚ µ_(Ms) are the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian containing  magnetic exchange and double exchange contributions  (index ÃŽ ¼ runs over the energy levels with given total  spin protection Ms). Then the partition function in the  presence of the external magnetic field is given by: Z(HZ) = ÃŽ £ Ms;_ exp[−à Ã‚ µ_(Ms)/kT] ÃŽ £ Ms exp[−geÃŽ ²MsHZ/kT] (8) Using this expression one can evaluate the magnetic susceptibility  Ãâ€¡ and magnetization M by standart thermodinamical  definitions: χ = ( ∂M ∂H ) H!0 (9) M(H) = NkT ∂lnZ ∂H (10) B. Entanglement in N-spin system Entanglement has gained renewed interest with the development  of quantum information science. The problem  of measuring entanglement is a vast and lively field of research  in its own. In this section we attempt to solve the  problem of measuring entanglement in the N-spin cluster  and supramolecules systems. Based on the residual  entanglement [9] (Phys. Rev. A 71, 044301 (2005)), we  present the global entanglement for a N-spin state for the  collective measures of multiparticle entanglement. This  measures introduced by Meyer andWallach[..]. The MeyerWallach  (MW) measure written in the Brennen form (G.K.Brennen,Quantum.Inf.Comp.,v.3,619 (2003)) is: Q(ψ) = 2(1 − 1 N ÃŽ £N k=1 Tr[Ï 2 k]) (11) where Ï k is the reduced density matrix for k-th qubit.   The problem of entanglement between a spin states in  N-spin systems is becoming more interesting when considering  clusters or molecules with a spectral gap in their  densities of states. For quantifying the distribution of  entanglement between the individual spin eigenvalues in  spin structure of N-spin system we use the density of entanglement. The density of entanglement ÃŽ µ(à Ã‚ µ_, à Ã‚ µ_, à Ã‚ µ)dà Ã‚ µ gives the entanglement between the spin eigenvalue à Ã‚ µ_ and spin eigenvalue à Ã‚ µ_ with in an energy interval à Ã‚ µ_ to à Ã‚ µ_ + dà Ã‚ µ_. One can show that entanglement distribution can be  written in terms of spectrum of spin exitation S(à Ã‚ µ_, à Ã‚ µ) = |c_|2 ÃŽ ´(à Ã‚ µ − à Ã‚ µ_) (12) and ÃŽ µ(à Ã‚ µ_, à Ã‚ µ_, à Ã‚ µ) = 2S(à Ã‚ µ_, à Ã‚ µ)S(à Ã‚ µ_, à Ã‚ µ) (13) where coefficient c_ = à ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¨( ËÅ" S)SM | và ¢Ã… ¸Ã‚ © is eigenvector of the  spin-Hamiltonian of the cluster or supramolecule. Thus,  entanglement distributions can be derived from the excitation  spin spectrum Q(à Ã‚ µ) = 1− 2Δ2 Ï€2N ÃŽ £N _=1 |c_|2 (à Ã‚ µ − à Ã‚ µ_)2 + Δ2 ÃŽ £N _=_+1 |c_|2 (à Ã‚ µ − à Ã‚ µ_)2 + Δ2 (14) Though the very nature of entanglement is purely  quantum mechanical, we saw that it can persist for  macroscopic systems and will survive even in the thermodynamical  limit. In this section we discuss how it  behaves at finite temperature of thermal entanglement. The states in N-spin system describing a system in thermal  equilibrium states, are determined by the Generalized  spin-Hamiltonian and thermal density matrix Ï (T) = exp(−Hspin/kT) Z(HZ) (15) where Z(HZ) is the partition function of the N-spin system. The thermal entanglement is Q(à Ã‚ µ, T,HZ) = 1 − 2Δ2 Ï€2NZ(HZ)2 ÃŽ £N _=1 |c_|2 exp[−à Ã‚ µ_/kT] (à Ã‚ µ − à Ã‚ µ_)2 + Δ2 Ãâ€" (16) ÃŽ £N _=_+1 |c_|2 exp[−à Ã‚ µ_/kT] (à Ã‚ µ − à Ã‚ µ_)2 + Δ2 The demonstration of quantum entanglement, however,  can also be directly derived from experiments, without  requiring knowledge of the system state. This can be  done by using specific operators–the so-called entanglement  witnesses–whose expectation value is always positive  if the state Ï  is factorizable. It is quite remarkable  that some of these entanglement witnesses coincide  with well-known magnetic observables, such as energy  or magnetic susceptibility χ = dM/dB. In particular,  the magnetic susceptibility of N spins s, averaged over  three orthogonal spatial directions, is always larger than  a threshold value if their equilibrium state Ï  is factorizable: ÃŽ £ g χg > Ns/kBT [EW]. This should not be surprising,  since magnetic susceptibility is proportional to  the variance of the magnetization, and thus it may actually  quantify spin.spin correlation. The advantage in  the use of this criterion consists in the fact that it does  not require knowledge of the system Hamiltonian, provided  that this commutes with the Zeeman terms corresponding  to the three orthogonal orientations of the  magnetic field ÃŽ ± = x, y, z. As already mentioned, in  the case of the Cr3 trimer, the effective Hamiltonian includes,  besides the dominant Heisenberg interaction J ∠¼118 meV , smaller anisotropic terms G ∠¼ 1.1 meV and  D ∠¼ 0.18 meV , due to which the above commutation relations  are not fulfilled. This might, in principle, result in  differences between the magnetic susceptibility and the  entanglement witness WE (see Fig.). Apparently, the  difference is quite essential and therefore it is necessary to use a formula for global entanglement Q(ψ) in N-spin  system. 4 10−1 100 101 102 103 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 The calculated difference à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½EW(T)−EWa(T)à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½/EW(T)for Cr3 isosceles trimer T(K) à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½EW(T)−EWa(T)à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½/EW(T) FIG. 1: (Color online) The calculated difference j EW(T) à ´Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ EWa(T) j =EW(T) for Cr3 isosceles trimer 0 100 200 300 400 0 2 4 6 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Angle(Degrees) The calculated M(H) for Cr3 isosceles trimer H(T) M(à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚ ¬B) FIG. 2: (Color online)Magnetization M(H) of the Cr3  isoscales trimer on metal surface as a function of angles from 0 to 360 degree C. Thermal global entanglement in static magnetic _eld 5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 The calculated variation of M(H) vs angle (magnetization switching) Angle(Degrees) M(à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚ ¬B) 0.1Ts 0.2Ts 0.5Ts 1.0Ts FIG. 3: (Color online)The calculated variation of M(H) vs  angle (magnetization switching) for Cr3 isoscales trimer   FIG. 4: (Color online)The calculated density of global entanglement  vs temperature and energy for Cr3 isoscales trimer 6 0 100 200 300 400 0 2 4 6 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 Angle(Degrees) The calculated M(H) for Cr3 molecular magnet H(T) M(à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚ ¬B) FIG. 5: (Color online)Magnetization M(H) of the Cr3 molecular  magnet as a function of angles from 0 to 360 degree 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 The calculated variation of M(H) vs angle (magnetization switching) Angle(Degrees) M(à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚ ¬B) 0.1Ts 0.2Ts 0.5Ts 1.0Ts FIG. 6: (Color online)The calculated variation of M(H) vs  angle (magnetization switching) for Cr3 molecular magnet 7 FIG. 7: (Color online)The calculated density of global entanglement  vs temperature and energy for Cr3 molecular magnet  FIG. 8: (Color online)The calculated entanglement for the  Cr3 isoscales trimer as a function of temperature and the  magnitude of the magnetic field Hpar. 8 FIG. 9: (Color online)The calculated entanglement for the  Cr3 isoscales trimer as a function of temperature and the  magnitude of the magnetic field Hper. FIG. 10: (Color online)The calculated entanglement for the  Cr3 isoscales trimer as a function of temperature and the magnitude  of the magnetic field Hav. 9 FIG. 11: (Color online)The calculated entanglement for the  Cr3 molecular magnet as a function of temperature and the  magnitude of the magnetic field Hav.

Discuss any 3 functions of operating systems.(9 marks)2. Discuss any 3 :: Computer Science

Discuss any 3 functions of operating systems.(9 marks)2. Discuss any 3 factors affecting the choice of an operating systems.(9 marks)3. Discuss the following types of operating systems.„à  Multi tasking Assignment 9 1. Discuss any 3 functions of operating systems. (9 marks) 2. Discuss any 3 factors affecting the choice of an operating systems. (9 marks) 3. Discuss the following types of operating systems. - Multi tasking - Multi processing - Multi user - Real time (12 marks) 1. 3 functions of operating systems are as follow: a) Manage the computer resources such as central processing unit, memory, disk drives and printer. In other words it acts like a translator which allows the application software to communicate with the computer hardware. b) Caretaker which making sure that date is saved in the right place, programs are loaded into memory properly and that the computer's filing system is all kept in order. c) Execute and provide services for applications software in other words as system tools (programs) used to monitor computer performance, debug problems, or maintain parts of the system. A set of libraries or functions which programs may use to perform specific tasks especially relating to interfacing with computer system components. 2. 3 factors affecting the choice of an operating system are as follow: a) Choice of processor and hardware for example if server machine is a Sun computer then will be forced to use Solaris which is Sun's version of UNIX. b) A hardware or software protocol, contained in the electronics of the disk controller and disk drive, that manages the exchange of data between the drive and computer. The most common interfaces for small computer systems are AT (IDE) and SCSI. c) Compatibility of computer networks types including LANs and WANs, for example UNIX and Window NT are usually use to become the mainframe of WANs networking system. 3. a)Multi tasking - In a multitasking operating system where multiple programs can be running at the same time, the operating system determines which applications should run in what order and how much time should be allowed for each application before giving another application a turn. Examples of multi tasking operating system are UNIX and Window 2000. b)Multi processing - An operating system capable of supporting and utilizing more than one computer processor for example Linux, UNIX, Windows 2000. c)Multi user - A multi user operating system allows for multiple users

Tetewterwtfete

Ms. Czapski’s 1st, 2nd, 5th, and 6th Hour Advanced Placement English Language and Composition Classes Name: __________________________________________ Hour: ________ Date: _____________________ Introduction to Writing the Precis DIRECTIONS: Please thoughtfully answer each of the following questions about Geoffrey Nunberg’s The –Ism Schism; How Much Wallop Can a Simple Word Pack, Ellen Goodman’s In Praise of a Snail’s Pace, and Ronald J. Glasser’s We are not Immune: Influenza, SARS, and the Collapse of Public Health. You may write directly on this worksheet. For Geoffrey Nunberg’s The Ism Schism; How Much Wallop Can a Simple Word Pack: 1. ) What is the complete name of the author of this article? _____________________ 2. ) Who is this author? What are his/her expertise in relation to this topic? What is his/her experience with this topic? How did he/she gain his/her knowledge to compose this article? Use a short phrase to answer this question: ____________________________________________________________ ______________________ 3. ) What is the genre of this work (what type of writing is it)? ________________________________________ 4. ) What is the complete title of the work? _______________________________________________________ 5. ) What is the publication date of this piece of writing? _____________________________________________ 6. ) Is any other interesting or noteworthy publication information included? If so, what? ___________________ 7. ) Please use a rhetorically accurate verb (such as â€Å"assert,† â€Å"argue, † â€Å"suggest,† â€Å"imply,† â€Å"claim,† etc. ); and a THAT clause containing the major assertion (thesis statement) about the work. Avoid the use of more general words such as â€Å"writes† and â€Å"states. † The THAT clause is designed to demand a complete statement: a grammatical subject (the topic of the essay) and predicate (the claim that is made about that topic). If the THAT clause is not employed, you will end up allowing â€Å"about† and â€Å"how† to slip out in stating the thesis: i. e. , â€Å"Sheridan Baker writes about attitudes in writing† or â€Å"†¦ states how attitudes affect writing†   Ã¢â‚¬â€ neither of which reports what he claims to be true about attitudes. _________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________ 8. ) Explain how the author develops and/or supports the thesis, preferably in chronological order – identifying the writing techniques he/she utilized to achieve this. Sometimes it works best to report the order of development: â€Å"The author develops this assertion first, by applying these techniques to two poems; second, by providing definitions; and third, by explaining the history of each approach. A more general statement may also work in the second sentence: â€Å"The author develops this idea by comparing and contrasting the lives of these two Civil War heroes. † In works of literature you may provide a short plot summary: â€Å"Hemingway develops this idea through a sparse narrative about the ‘initiation' of a young boy who observes in one night both a birth and a death. † ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________ 9. What is the author's apparent purpose of this piece (introduce with the infinitive â€Å"to†)? Try not to simply restate the thesis: â€Å"The author's purpose is to prove that†¦ † Remember that one’s purpose is always to put forward a thesis, but there are others as well. The infinitive â€Å"to† phrase should transcend a phrase such as â€Å"Her purpose is to inform;† look beyond such a simplistic response to assess what the author wants the audience to do or to feel as a result of reading the work. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _________________________ 10. ) Provide a description of the intended audience and/or the relationship the author establishes with the audience. Ask yourself how the language of the work excludes certain audiences (non-specialists would not understand the terminology; children would not understand the irony) in order to see that the author did make certain assumptions about the pre-existing knowledge of the audience. You may also report the author's tone. ____________________________________________________________ ________________ ___________________________________________________________ _________________________ For Ellen Goodman’s In Praise of a Snail’s Pace: 1. ) What is the complete name of the author of this article? __________________________________________ 2. ) Who is this author? What are his/her expertise in relation to this topic? What is his/her experience with this topic? How did he/she gain his/her knowledge to compose this article? Use a short phrase to answer this question: ____________________________________________________________ ______________________ 3. What is the genre of this work (what type of writing is it)? _________________________________________ 4. ) What is the complete title of the work? _______________________________________________________ 5. ) What is the publication date of this piece of writing? _____________________________________________ 6. ) Is any other interesting or noteworthy publication information included? If so, what? ___________________ 7. ) Please use a rhetorically accurate verb (such as â€Å"assert,† â€Å"argue,à ¢â‚¬  â€Å"suggest,† â€Å"imply,† â€Å"claim,† etc. ); and a THAT clause containing the major assertion (thesis statement) about the work. Avoid the use of more general words such as â€Å"writes† and â€Å"states. † The THAT clause is designed to demand a complete statement: a grammatical subject (the topic of the essay) and predicate (the claim that is made about that topic). If the THAT clause is not employed, you will end up allowing â€Å"about† and â€Å"how† to slip out in stating the thesis: i. e. , â€Å"Sheridan Baker writes about attitudes in writing† or â€Å"†¦ states how attitudes affect writing†   Ã¢â‚¬â€ neither of which reports what he claims to be true about attitudes. _________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________ 8. ) Explain how the author develops and/or supports the thesis, preferably in chronological order – identifying the writing techniques he/she utilized to achieve this. Sometimes it works best to report the order of development: â€Å"The author develops this assertion first, by applying these techniques to two poems; second, by providing definitions; and third, by explaining the history of each approach. A more general statement may also work in the second sentence: â€Å"The author develops this idea by comparing and contrasting the lives of these two Civil War heroes. † In works of literature you may provide a short plot summary: â€Å"Hemingway develops this idea through a sparse narrative about the ‘initiation' of a young boy who observes in one night both a birth and a death. † ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________ 9. What is the author's apparent purpose of this piece (introduce with the infinitive â€Å"to†)? Try not to simply restate the thesis: â€Å"The author's purpose is to prove that†¦ † Remember that one’s purpose is always to put forward a thesis, but there are others as well. The infinitive â€Å"to† phrase should transcend a phrase such as â€Å"Her purpose is to inform;† look beyond such a simplistic response to assess what the author wants the audience to do or to feel as a result of reading the work. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _________________________ 10. ) Provide a description of the intended audience and/or the relationship the author establishes with the audience. Ask yourself how the language of the work excludes certain audiences (non-specialists would not understand the terminology; children would not understand the irony) in order to see that the author did make certain assumptions about the pre-existing knowledge of the audience. You may also report the author's tone. ____________________________________________________________ ________________ For Ronald J. Glasser’s We are not Immune: Influenza, SARS, and the Collapse of Public Health: 1. ) What is the complete name of the author of this article? __________________________________________ 2. ) Who is this author? What are his/her expertise in relation to this topic? What is his/her experience with this topic? How did he/she gain his/her knowledge to compose this article? Use a short phrase to answer this question: ____________________________________________________________ ______________________ 3. ) What is the genre of this work (what type of writing is it)? ________________________________________ 4. ) What is the complete title of the work? _______________________________________________________ 5. ) What is the publication date of this piece of writing? _____________________________________________ 6. ) Is any other interesting or noteworthy publication information included? If so, what? ___________________ 7. ) Please use a rhetorically accurate verb (such as â€Å"asser t,† â€Å"argue,† â€Å"suggest,† â€Å"imply,† â€Å"claim,† etc. ); and a THAT clause containing the major assertion (thesis statement) about the work. Avoid the use of more general words such as â€Å"writes† and â€Å"states. † The THAT clause is designed to demand a complete statement: a grammatical subject (the topic of the essay) and predicate (the claim that is made about that topic). If the THAT clause is not employed, you will end up allowing â€Å"about† and â€Å"how† to slip out in stating the thesis: i. e. , â€Å"Sheridan Baker writes about attitudes in writing† or â€Å"†¦ states how attitudes affect writing†   Ã¢â‚¬â€ neither of which reports what he claims to be true about attitudes. _________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________ 8. ) Explain how the author develops and/or supports the thesis, preferably in chronological order – identifying the writing techniques he/she utilized to achieve this. Sometimes it works best to report the order of development: â€Å"The author develops this assertion first, by applying these techniques to two poems; second, by providing definitions; and third, by explaining the history of each approach. A more general statement may also work in the second sentence: â€Å"The author develops this idea by comparing and contrasting the lives of these two Civil War heroes. † In works of literature you may provide a short plot summary: â€Å"Hemingway develops this idea through a sparse narrative about the ‘initiation' of a young boy who observes in one night both a birth and a death. † ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________ 9. ) What is the author's apparent purpose of this piece (introduce with the infinitive â€Å"to†)? Try not to simply restate the thesis: â€Å"The author's purpose is to prove that†¦ † Remember that one’s purpose is always to put forward a thesis, but there are others as well. The infinitive â€Å"to† phrase should transcend a phrase such as â€Å"Her purpose is to inform;† look beyond such a simplistic response to assess what the author wants the audience to do or to feel as a result of reading the work. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________